Identify the Individual Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Identify the Individual - Assignment Example The chemistry felt surreal. I could instantly feel the attraction which was thick and exciting. After the formal introduction, we parted ways but not for long. After about 2 weeks of passer-by greetings, I decided to ask her for her phone number. This was the beginning of escalating, and intense daily phone conversations which lasted about 1 week. The daily conversations were enduring and after the week session, we had our first dinner date at a nearby restaurant. The date would be the beginning of a more personal relationship that consisted of us frequently visiting each other's homes. The relationship began to become more serious as we spent more time together. After about 3 months of steady dating and meeting each other’s family, we took our relationship to another level. There was no denying that my feelings for Leasa were deep and passionate, so after dating for approximately 3 months, I decided to ask Leasa to be my girl by dating each other exclusively. Leasa stated she felt the same way and hence a monogamous relationship formed. Over the next year, we grew closer and the relationship deepened. We began to spend nights at each other's houses and ceased all phone calls from former lovers. However, one night as Leasa spent the night an old friend of mine called just to check in. Our relationship was never serious but we decided to remain friends. Even though the phone call was one of an innocent nature, Leasa grew jealous and we had our first real argument. We had disagreed before, however, this particular argument went on for hours and we stayed up all night arguing then making up. We grew closer that night and our relationship entered a new phase. Although Leasa seemed to be tailor-made for me, there were some significant differences in some core beliefs. Leasa wanted to get married before moving in together and wanted to start a family immediately.  

A Streetcar named disire Essay Example for Free

A Streetcar named disire Essay Blanche is an extremely volatile, and is physically and emotionally insecure character to say the least. Her instabilities range from excessive vanity, to a need for alcohol, and a need to find unconditional love. Indeed, one could say that Blanche was a brought up as a prim and proper lady, yet in reality, like the white she is often referred to, time has tainted her. Prior to Blanches introduction, an atmosphere is set that is greatly linked to Blanche, while set in Elysian fields the setting is quite different to its name. Primarily, the houses have a white frame, weathered gray implying innocence lost. This idea is set many times throughout the course of this play in relation to Blanche. Even in the introduction, this idea is used a number of times with phrases like; faded white stairs, the dim white building. An atmosphere of decay is depicted through out the play with the colour brown. Be it the brown river, or even the whiskey Blanche relies on, brown tends to symbolize negative facts. This taps into another idea, one could also say that colour plays a big part for blanche, as it does not only coincide with her love of fashion, but the book lets it, and music display emotions felt in specific parts of scenes. This is evident especially by the music playing in the background, the blue piano. This music instills a degree of melancholy on the reader, and as the title suggests (and similarly to the Blues) is a depiction of morbidity in the atmosphere, and yet it is only present to Blanche. Even in the initial dialogue of the play, sexual innuendoes appear in abundance. This is initially in the form of an icy cold wave up and down her and the vendor shouting Red hot! Phallic metaphors are used in the description of Meat, and are relevant to Stella and Stanleys relationship (focused on immediately after) as it is a very sexually charged, and is a somewhat animalistic relationship. On Blanches arrival, in a state of shocked disbelief (due to the inconceivable surroundings she is in), she is dressed in a white suit with ear-rings of pearl and white gloves, stating her mask of white purity. With this exposition, her age is revealed, as she must not be exposed to harsh light, and must therefore be wrinkled. She is referred to as a moth, due to her false whiteness, but also because of her fidgety, uncertain mannerisms (common in alcoholics). Blanches backwardness is made clear for the first time in her bid to cling to the past by calling Mrs. Stanley Kowalski, Stella DuBois. This also signifies the period the play was written as the female is referred to through her husband. From this moment on, Blanche is noticeably dismissive of Eunice, holds a derogatory sarcasm through out. Her repetitions of the same word to Eunices varied question are extremely dismissive, yet her vanity peers through in stating, Yes? as a question on news Stella spoke of her. On mention of Belle Reve, we come to realize that it means beautiful dream. This is obviously not the case though, as Blanche immediately goes off the point when its upkeep is mentioned. Blanche behaves very haughtily in the scene, and through the use of condescending language, and unsubtle hints (id like to be left alone), managed to offend, and therefore get rid of Eunice. This disassociation she wishes to have with Eunice not only portrays blanche in a haughty light, but also gives the impression that Blanche feels in Belle Reve, someone like Eunice would be have been her servant. Blanche is an extremely nervous person, and catches her breath with a startled gesture on hearing a cat screech. A reason for this nervous reaction is apparent when we realize her affiliation with whiskey. Not only does she drink the whiskey uninvited, but she attempts to mask her tracks as well. This is a primary indication that she is an alcoholic as is talking to ones self (Ive got to keep hold of myself).

Cloud Computing Literature Review Computer Science Essay

Cloud Computing Literature Review Computer Science Essay [Michael et al. 2010] Cloud computing is the IT liberation model that provides infrastructure and computer resources as service. In an organization, the information is shared by implementing the private cloud. The achievement of an organization is based on the important advantages such as simplifying management, reducing costs and accelerating processes. In a broad diversity of designs, the cloud computing technologies can be implemented under different services and deployment methods. In the organization cloud computing is used to transfer the existing server infrastructures into dynamic environments. By adopting the cloud computing, the business activities can be carried out with little difficulty and greater efficiency. Cloud computing offers many advantages to different ranges of customers and it is simple to acquire. By considering the above views of authors it can be concluded that, cloud computing is IT delivery model and it gives the infrastructure and computer resources. By implementing the cloud, the information can be shared. Simplifying management, reducing costs and accelerating process such advantages provides success to the organization. Based on different services and deployment methods, the cloud computing technologies can be implemented in a broad diversity of designs. This provides many advantages for different ranges of customers and these advantages are simple to obtain. Through adopting the cloud computing, business activities can be done with great efficiency and little hassle. [Meiko et al, 2009] Generally, cloud computing provides the dynamical and scalable resources as a service over the internet. Cloud is used for reducing the capital and operational expenditure, and provides economical growth. This is happened in realism and however, there are some confronts are explained by the cloud. It is described as a valuable consideration for an enterprise IT integration. Even the adoption of cloud computing has many advantages and still it faces a number of risks. The security of cloud is one of the important issues in the cloud computing. By considering the above views of authors it can be concluded that cloud computing provides dynamical and scalable resources over the internet. Cloud provides economic growth and reduces the capital and operational expenditure. It defines as a valuable consideration for IT integration. It has a number of advantages but still it faces some risks. Sometimes cloud cannot provide security for the customers property. It considers important disadvantages of cloud computing. [Chang et al, 2005] Usually, in the cloud computing, the significant data of the customer can be stored in data centers. Actually, Data centers means where the data should be stored on the centralized location by having a large size of data storage. The data processing is done on the servers. The important data should be handled by the cloud provider. Therefore, the customers have to trust the cloud provider on the data security as well as on availability. For this, the legal agreement which is called as SLA (service legal agreement) should be provided by cloud computing between cloud customer and cloud provider. The provider can gain trust of the client through this agreement, so, SLA should be consistent. In the cloud environment, the whole security depends on the security levels of the cloud. This concept of cloud computing is promising to change the future of the computing by providing many benefits in the field. And the main obstacle in achieving this is nothing but the disadvan tage of the security concern. From the above views of authors it can be concluded that, generally, in the cloud computing, the data will be stored in the data centers. Data storing methods are being done on the data servers. A large si9ze data can be stored in the data centers. In the cloud computing, the data of customer should be handled by the cloud provider. Therefore the cloud providers should give the guarantee on the data security. To have trust on the cloud provider, the cloud customer should follow the legal agreement which is called as SLA that should provided by cloud computing between cloud customer and cloud provider. [McKinsey, 2009] Basically, cloud computing is the self motivated specification of the IT capabilities (hardware, software, or services). Clouds are hardware based services that offers computing, networking and storage capacity. It has exclusive features that need risk measurement in parts such as data honesty, revival, and privacy. A security perimeter is set up to create a trust boundary where customers valuable information is stored and proceed. The network provides transportation to which works in a similar manner, and which consist of other trusted end hosts. The confidential information may be processed outside and identifies trusted areas as these computing environments often have unclear boundaries as to where data is stored and processed and when the security perimeter becomes unclear in the sense. Privacy issues which frequently happen in the cloud are not only raised by public cloud and also have its own security concerns. By considering the above views of authors it can be concluded that clouds are hardware based services which offers computing, networking and storage capacity. Particularly, in some parts such as data honesty, revival and privacy it has exclusive aspects which need risk measurement. A security border is used to create a trusted boundary where customers valuable information is stored and secured. The network which includes the cloud is used to transport the trusted end hosts which work in the similar manner. Public cloud is not only reason for the privacy issues which regularly happen in the cloud computing and also have it share of security concerns. 2.2. Different sections of cloud computing: [Rob, 2008] the cloud computing is divided into three sections namely cloud application, cloud platform, and cloud infrastructure. These sections can be represented as the cloud pyramid in the cloud computing. Cloud application: [Rob, 2008] the cloud application is the first section that presents in the top of the pyramid. According to the cloud application, the interaction of the applications via web browser is taken place in the cloud computing. Through the cloud application, the need to install and run the application on the customers own computer can be eliminated. It reduces the difficulty for the customer to maintain the software and its process. From the above discussion it can be concluded that in the cloud computing pyramid, three sections are there namely cloud application, cloud platform and cloud infrastructure. Cloud application is the first section in the cloud pyramid and used to communicate the applications with each other via web browser. It used to reduce the difficulty for the customer in maintaining the software and its process. Cloud platform: [Rob, 2008] Usually, the theoretical work as a service or the calculating platform is provided by the cloud platform. This is the second section and the middle layer of the cloud pyramid. As indicated by the requirement, the cloud platform offers the animatedly necessities, configures and reconfigure servers. From the above views of the authors it can be concluded that cloud platform is used to calculate the platform and the framework as a service. This is the second section in cloud computing pyramid. The animatedly necessities, configures and reconfigure servers are provided by this section. And this is the middle section of the cloud pyramid. Cloud infrastructure: [Rob Lovell 2008] cloud infrastructure is the last layer of the cloud pyramid. It delivers the IT infrastructures by means of the virtualization. Through the cloud infrastructures, the splitting of the hardware into independent and self ruled environments can be completed. The services that are delivered as the web services or farms or cloud centers and other hardware appliances are included in the cloud infrastructure. Source: Rob Lovell, 2008, introduction to cloud computing- white papers. From the above discussion it can be concluded that cloud infrastructure is the last section of the cloud pyramid and it delivers the IT infrastructures through the virtualization. By using this section, self ruled environments can be completed. Web services or farms or cloud centers and other hardware appliances are included in the cloud infrastructure. 2.2. Security issues in the cloud computing: [Jensen et al, 2009] the cloud is provided responsibility for the security of the data when the user is released the data into the cloud. It has some issues in their operation which are explained as follows: 2.2.1. Operational security: [Jensen et al, 2009] The property of the organization can be uncovered which causes a major drawback in the security point of view throughout the cloud operation. The critical information of the company may be leaked and may cause the data exposures. The cloud may not be managed to sufficient standards in the cloud computing. The defensive of the data may not be secured in a proper way in the clouds then it causes for the security issues. Among the customer and the provider a complete security management system must be developed. It can be protects the data from hacking by third parties. By considering the above views of authors it can be concluded that generally cloud provides responsibility for secure the customers valuable information. But sometimes it faces some problems when data transfers into the cloud. Operational security is one of the major issues in the cloud computing. Through the cloud operation, the property of the organization can be unsecured. The cloud may not ensure to sufficient standards in the cloud computing. Through this type of security issues, the protecting of the information may not be done in a proper way in the clouds. This security management system must be developed between customer and provider. Then it can be protects the data from the hackers. 2.2.2. Privacy: [Siani et al, 2010] The service supplier of the cloud should be able to give the declaration of the vital data. And they make sure that any unpermitted person cannot view or access the confidential data or the information of the user. From the above views of authors, the service providers have to give guarantee about the valuable information and make sure that any unpermitted person cannot view or access the private information of their customer. 2.2.3. Reliability: [Siani et al, 2010] The modification of the innovative data or any efforts to alter the data should be severely prohibited by the provider and this make sure that the data detained in the system of the cloud is proper and used to maintain the integrity. 2.2.4. Accessibility: [Siani et al, 2010] The entire resources which are needed by the user for processing the data should be accessible and this should not be made unavailability at any chance by the interference of the outsiders or the spiteful actions of the unauthorized persons. 2.2.5. Non-Reputation: [Siani et al, 2010] It is make sure that the agreements which are created automatically between the organizations or authorized persons and the officials should have been created to be confirmed if necessary. The security is needed at various levels in the organizations. The requirement is about the access to server, internet, database and the programs. The service supplier of the cloud should be ensured that the privacy of the data is well preserving. From the above views of authors it can be concluded that reliability, accessibility and non-reputation are common issues in the cloud computing security point of view. Modification of the innovative data ca be prohibited by the provider and this data should be used in proper way to maintain the integrity in the cloud. The complete resources which are needed by the user for processing the data should be accessible. This should not be created unavailability at any chance by the interference of the outsiders. 2.2.6. Other issues: [Steve, 2008] In a traditional enterprise environment, there are a number of tools which have been already developed for attaining the security in computer, storage and network. The data of the users is processed and co-located on the shared equipment in the concept of cloud computing. Basically, cloud computing can implemented in any type of the companies such as large medium and small and even startup companies. The given specific threats are caused for cloud security issues. The significant issues of securities are related by which parties are responsible for which features of security. Through the customer data security, some problems are raised such as the risk of loss, unauthorized collection and problem in usage of that. From the above views of authors it can be concluded that, according to usual project environment, there are a number of tools that have been previously developed for achieving the security in computer, storage and network. In the thought of cloud computing, the data of the users is developed and co-located on the communal tools. Cloud computing is used in any type of the companies such as large, medium, and small. Security issues in the cloud computing are caused by under given threats. Failures in the security provision: [Steve, 2008]The data is stored and the applications are run on the hardware and hypervisors and these are controlled by the cloud. The security of the cloud provider should be at very good standards. Form the above views of authors it can be concluded that, storing the data and the operation of applications are controlled by cloud and it employs based on the hardware and hypervisors. The cloud provider should have very good standards in the sense of security. Other customers attack: [Steve, 2008]All the customers inside of the cloud or connected with the cloud can be shared the data in the cloud environment. Access of the data or the interference of the data by other users can be possible at any chance if the barriers break down between the users. From the above views it can be concluded that, the customer of the cloud shares the data in the cloud environment. When the barriers break down between the users then interfering of the data or access of the data can be possible at any chance. Legal and regulatory issues: [Mather, 2009] Many legal and regulatory issues are being raised by implementation of the cloud computing techniques. There might be a restriction in the export of the data in an authority. In any cases such sensitive issues happened in cloud computing, there legal and regulatory problems should be addresses and resolved. By considering the above views of authors it can be concluded that, by implementing the cloud computing techniques in any organizations, many legal and regulatory issues are being raised. Legal and regulatory issues are happened hen the common issues raised. Perimeter Security Model Broken: [Mather, 2009] To have strong security at the perimeter of the enterprise network, the model of the perimeter security is being employed by most of the organizations. Over the years, this model has been failing with outsourcing and workforce as well as with high mobility. Some critical data and the applications can be stored by the cloud now even though it is certainly outside the perimeter of the enterprise. From the above views of authors it can be concluded that, the model of the border security is being employed by most of the organizations to have strong protection at perimeter of the enterprise network. From the past years, this model has been failing with high mobility, workforce as well as with outsourcing. 2.3. Fuzzy key word search in cloud computing: [Jin Li et al 2008] the unclear (fuzzy) key word search is widely prolonged the system usability via giving back the same files when the users penetrating contributions equals the predefined keywords accurately or the nearby believable corresponding files are dependent on keyword similarity semantics when specific match becomes ineffective. By considering the above views of authors it can be concluded that, the fuzzy keyword is extensively protracted the system usability by means of giving back the alike files when the users penetrating contributions equals the predefined keywords correctly. Otherwise, if the specific match becomes ineffective, the nearby credible matching files are needy on keyword similarity semantics. 2.4. Plain text fuzzy keyword search: [Li et al, 2008] The significance of the fuzzy search has increased focus in the conditions of the plain text search in information recovery zone. This problem has been documented in the classical information access paradigms through providing the user to search without trying and study the technique for determining the applicable data based on the predictable string corresponding. Therefore, the estimated string corresponding algorithms between one and another can be classified into two sections such as on-line and off-line. From the above views of authors it can be concluded that, in the plain text fuzzy keyword search, some problems are happened such as the significance of the fuzzy search has focus in the conditions of the plain text search in information recovery zone. Therefore, through providing the user to search without trying and study the technique for determining the suitable data based on the predictable string corresponding, this problem has been documented in the conventional information access paradigms. The estimated corresponding algorithms between one and other can be classified into two sections such as online and offline. [Chakrabart et al, 2006] However, according to the on-line techniques, the method of doing search without the participation of index seems to be unwanted for their short explores capability while the off-line technique employs indexing techniques for generating it to be completely faster. There is a number of indexing algorithms such as suffix trees, metric trees and q-gram methods and so on. On the first look, it is attainable for the user to describe these string matching algorithms are explicitly to the viewpoint of the searchable encryption through evaluating the trapdoors on the nature support locating in an alphabet. But, this insignificant structure will experience attacks connected with dictionary and statistics and somehow ineffective to achieve the search privacy. By considering the above views of authors it can be concluded that, in the sense of online techniques, the method of doing search without performance of index seems is unwanted for their short explore of capability. This method is done while the offline technique uses indexing techniques for generating it to be faster. It has a number of indexing algorithms such as suffix trees, metric tress, and q-gram methods and so on. But the important structure can be experienced which attacks connected with index and statistics. 2.5. Searchable encryption: [Curtmola et al, 2006] The previous searchable encryption methods have been extensively evaluated in the cryptography conditions. These works are majorly focused on the security definition formalizations and efficiency developments. In the early creation, each statement in the text is encrypted independently in a two covered encryption structure. Behind them, bloom filters approached into existence in order to create the indexes for the data files. [Bellare et al, 2007] This technique is developed and accumulated on the server for every file which consists of the trapdoors of overall words. In order to search for a word and finally sends it to the server, the user has to create the search request through evaluating the trapdoor of the word. After getting the request, the server checks whether any bloom filter have the trapdoor of the query word or bounces back the equal file recognizers. By considering the above views of authors it can be concluded that the earlier searchable methods are widely calculated in the cryptography circumstances. Theses works are significantly focused on the security definition formalizations and efficiency developments. In the previous generation, every statement in the text is encrypted independently in a two covered encryption structure. After that, bloom filters move towards into existence in order to create the indexes for data files. For each file, this method is developed and accumulated on the server which consists of the trapdoors of overall words. The user has to create the search request through measuring the trapdoor of the word in order to search for a word and finally sends it to the server. [Waters et al, 2004] Similar index techniques should be projected for achieving more successful search. This technique created a single encrypted confusion table index for the overall file compilation. Every entry has an encrypted group of file identifiers whose equivalent data files contain the keyword in the index table. And it has the trapdoor of a keyword. A Public -key based searchable encryption technique is also developed as a complementary approach for the first one. Though, these are not considered due to the issues with the agreement of the users. In fact, they are applicable for cloud computing as these whole current techniques assist just accurate keyword search. By considering above views of authors it can be concluded that, for accomplishing more successful search, similar index techniques should be projected. For overall file completion, this technique created a single encrypted confusion table index. In the index table, each entry has an encrypted group of files identifiers whose equal data files contain the keyword. And also it has the trap door of key word. Key based searchable encryption technique is also urbanized as balancing approach for the first one. However, these are not considered as a development, due to the issues with the agreement of the users. In fact, they are related for cloud computing as these whole current techniques help as accurate keyword search. [Shi et al, 2007] The confidential matching data in the conditions of the secure multi-party calculation is used to allow dissimilar parties in reviewing some function of their individual data without revealing their data to others collaboratively. These functions have the connection or approximate private matching of the two different sets. However, this technique is frequently employed method to recover the correspondent sets in secret. This has been widely employed in data retrieval from database and it usually acquires calculation complexity randomly. From the above views of authors it can be concluded that, the private corresponding data is used to permit different parties in reviewing some functions of their individual data without revealing their data to others in conditions of the secure multi party calculations. These functions have the approximate matching or the connection between two different sets. However, to recover the correspondent sets in confidential; this technique is frequently employed method. It is usually acquires calculation complexity randomly and it has been widely employed in data retrieval from data base. 2.6. Advanced techniques for building fuzzy key words: [Chow et al, 2009] Highly developed techniques are used to provide more sensible and efficient fuzzy keyword search constructions which include storage and search efficiency. They are mostly projected to expand the uncomplicated approach for structuring the unclear keyword set. The scholars concerted on the case of edit distance d=1 without loss of generalization in this technique. The calculation is same for better values ofd. This technique is carefully designed in such a way that it will not force the search accuracy while restraining the unclear keyword set. In accordance with the above observations, wild card based fuzzy set construction is developed in order to signify correct operations at the equal location. To avoid security issues in cloud computing, wild card based, gram based and symbol based fuzzy key words are used. From the above views of authors it can be concluded that, in avoiding security issues in cloud computing, wild card based, gram based and symbol based fuzzy key words can be used. More sensible and efficient fuzzy keyword search creations are provided by highly developed techniques which include storage and search efficiency. Basically, they are mostly projected in developing the simple approach to create the fuzzy keyword set. The researchers concentrated on the case of edit distance d=1 without defeat of simplification in this method. The computation is similar for improved principles ofd. Through this method, wildcard based fuzzy set structure is developed in order to mean right operations at the equal site. 2.6.1. Wildcard-based Fuzzy Set construction: [Song et al, 2000] A wild card based fuzzy set construction techniques are projected to signify the correct operations at the same position. The unclear or fuzzy set of wi signifies as Swi,d={Sà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ²wi,0, Sà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ²wi,1, ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ · , Sà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ²wi,d} with its edit distance d, where Sà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ²wi,à Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ signifies the set of words wà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ²i with à Ã¢â‚¬Å¾ wildcards. The correct operation on wi is accepted by each wildcard. It is completely described by considering the equation. For example, the words CASTLE with the pre-set of correct distance d=1 and its wildcard fuzzy key word is constructed as following: The storage in the clouds can be decreased based on the pre-set edit (accurate) distance d=1. When the correct distance is set 2, then the representation of size Swi, 2 will be When the correct distance is set to 3, then the representation of size Swi,3 will be By considering the above equations it can be concluded that, wildcard based fuzzy set structure is developed in order to mean right operations at the equal site. The accurate operation is accepted by this each wildcard. It is completely considered from the above equation. The data storage of the clouds can be decreased based on the pre-set edit distance d=1. The representation of size is based on their edit distances. 2.6.2. Gram based fuzzy set construction: [Behm, 2009] gram based creation is one of another efficient technique which is used to build the fuzzy set. The gram of the string is a substring which is used as a signature for the efficient estimated search. These grams are used for the matching purpose. The sizes are represented as follows: = = For the keyword CASTLE, the fuzzy word set can be created as follows: {CASTLE, CSTLE, CATLE, CASLE, CASTE, CASTL, ASTLE} By considering the above views of authors it can be concluded that, to create the fuzzy search set, this gram based fuzzy set construction is one of another best techniques. To use as a signature for the efficient estimated search, this creation of the string is considered as the substring. For the corresponding purpose these grams can be used. 2.6.3. Symbol-based Trie-traverse search scheme: [Feigenbaum, 2001] for improving the search efficiency, a symbol based trie-traverse search scheme is developed. A multi way tree is created for storing the fuzzy keyword set over a limited symbol set. The main reason behind the creation of the symbol based trie traverse search scheme is all the trapdoors sharing the common prefix and that may have common nodes. The symbols which involves in a trapdoor can be improved in a search from the root to the leaf at where the trapdoor ends. An empty set is present at the trapdoor then symbols can be recovered. By considering the above views of authors it can be concluded that, a symbol based trie-traverse search scheme is developed to expand the search efficiency. For storing the fuzzy keyword set over a limited symbol set, a multi way tree is created. The symbols can be recovered when any empty set is present at the trapdoor. 2.7. An efficient fuzzy keyword search scheme: [Boneh et al, 2004]The following points to be considered in order to build the efficient key word search scheme. They are stated below: At first, the information holder creates an unclear keyword set Swi, d to create the index for wi using the wildcard based technique. After that it needs to compute trapdoor set {Twi} for each wi ÃŽÂ µ S wi d with a secret key Sk shared data holder and the certified users. The data holder encrypts FID wi as,.. Though, the directory table and locked data files are outsourced to the cloud server for storage the data. The approved user computes the trapdoor set to search with w and k in which S w, k is also derived from the wildcard based fuzzy set structure. Then users send to the server. The server evaluates them with the locked file recognizers upon getting the search request. At the end, the user recovers appropriate files of interest and unlocks the returned results. [Bao et al, 2008] The method of creating search request for w is matching to the creation of directory for a keyword in this onset. Thus, the search request is a trapdoor set needy on S w, k as an choice of a single trapdoor as in the straightforward method. In this way, the searching result accuracy can be assured. From the above views of author it can be concluded that, to create an efficient fuzzy key word search, above given two points would be considered. They are: the first one is fuzzy keyword is created by the information holder. And the second one is the accepted user computes the trapdoor set to search with wildcard based fuzzy keyword structure. 2.8. Conclusion: Cloud computing is the IT liberation model which offers infrastructure and computer resources as service. Through take up the cloud computing, business activities can be carried out with little difficulty and greater efficiency. Cloud computing provides many advantages to various ranges of customers and it is simple to acquire. Generally, cloud computing provides the dynamical and scalable resources as a service over the internet. Cloud is used for reducing the capital and operational expenditure, and provides economical growth. Even the adoption of cloud computing in organizations has many advantages and still it faces a number of risks. In the cloud computing, the significant data of the customer can be stored in data centers. The cloud computing is divided into three sections namely cloud application, cloud platform, and cloud infrastructure. It has some issues in their operation they are: operational security, privacy, reliability, accessibility, non reputation, failures in the security provision, other customer attacks, legal and regulation issues, and perimeter security model broken. The fuzzy keyword is extensively prolonged the system usability by means of giving back the alike files when the users penetrating contributions equals the predefined keywords correctly. The significance of the fuzzy search has increased focus in the conditions of the plain text search in information recovery zone. The confidential matching data in the conditions of the secure multi-party calculation is used to allow dissimilar parties in reviewing some function of their individual data without revealing their data to others collaboratively. Highly developed techniques are used to provide more sensible and efficient fuzzy keyword search constructions which include storage and search efficiency. To avoid security issues in cloud computing, wild card based, gram based and symbol based fuzzy key words are used.

Health Care Reform: Effect on Nurses :: Nursing

Health care reform has been a major issue over the past decade. The Nursing industry has in particular experienced a period of unpredictable change. On Dec 24, 2009, a landmark measure was passed in the senate by a vote of 60 to 39. This decision to pass the health care reform will change America forever. Nurses will constitute the largest single group of health care professionals. They will have a huge impact on quality and effectiveness in health care. The nursing industry will help hold this new program together by acting as the glue (The nursing industry will be the glue holding the new health care in tact.) It is estimated that by 2015 the number of nurses will need to increase to over 4 million. Nurses are the backbone of the health care industry thus creating better polices for this profession will help ease the workload and high demand. A nurse’s main concern is always to insure quality care and the safety of their patients. Under the new health care reform several new measures have been set into place to ease the transition and improve the quality of care for all patients. One program is designed to fund scholarships and loan programs to offset the high costs of education. Nursing shortages and the high turnover has become a serious epidemic. Health care reform is supposed going to solve many of these problems. Furthermore, health care reform will provide 47 million Americans with health care. Many of the 3 million nurses see their jobs as constantly changing. Their positions as primary advocates for their patients can be compromised when adequate healthcare is not provided. â€Å"Eighty three percent of Americans believe nurses are honest and have high ethical standards† (American Nurses p4). Nurses are in high demand; patient overload and large shortages of qualified nurses makes their jobs even harder. Health care reform would like to help ease the work load as well as increase the number of nurses coming into this field. These reforms are about delivering care that is more effective in the community. This includes improving out of hospital services to make sure that people are able to access the care they need. Many people go to hospital for a minor cold or a sore throat because they are unable to pay for high costs.(unable to see a physician, who usually requires a patient to have medical insurance.

Lincoln: the Great Emancipator Essay

Until it was abolished in 1865, slavery thrived in the United States since the nation’s beginnings in the colony of Jamestown in 1607. In 1776, the founding fathers stated that â€Å"all men are created equal† when they declared independence and started a war that freed the 13 colonies from the oppressive rule of Great Britain. However, after â€Å"the land of the free† had been established, slavery had yet to be eliminated. After the war of 1812, sectionalism began to grow prevalent in America. The Industrial Revolution in the early to mid-1800s advanced the country technologically while further dividing it as the North became industrialized and the South became more agrarian and reliant on slave labor. Sectionalism was increased by westward expansion, and began to manifest itself in American politics. The country could have gone to war by the early 1800s, but various political compromises held the two sections together for another half of a century. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the Compromise of 1850 are two important examples. Tensions built over the 40 years of compromise. Abolitionists worked to gain support in the North while they caused outrage in the South. In the government, everything had to be compromised and everything was a competition, such as legislature and westward expansion. Fortunately, when sectionalism and tensions around slavery boiled over, Abraham Lincoln came to the forefront of US politics. He created a reputation for himself and the Republican Party with a political platform against the expansion of slavery. He became known in the South as an abolitionist through the Lincoln-Douglas debates, and his election in 1860 sparked the secession of 11 southern states from the Union and the beginning of the Civil War. Abraham Lincoln was the most important contributor to ending slavery in America because of his actions toward winning the Civil War and emancipating the slaves, and he was able to do this because he was an extraordinary politician who handled the circumstances as nobody else could have managed. Abraham Lincoln’s ability as a politician was crucial in his role as commander-in-chief of the US army during the Civil War, because to end slavery, Lincoln knew he had to win the war. The first thing Lincoln did as president, in his Inaugural Address, was try to calm the frantic South, re-stating that he had â€Å"no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery where it exists,† (Halsall). Lincoln’s  primary goal was to preserve the Union. As he put it, â€Å"If I could save the union without freeing any slave, I would do it,† (Majerol, 25-26). He needed the support for the war from the Northern citizens, many of whom were not abolitionists. Lincoln was faced with another difficult issue throughout the Civil War. Four states—Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware—held slaves but remained in the Union. If Lincoln waged a war that strongly opposed slavery, he risked losing those Border States to the Confederacy, which would probably cost him the war. Another issue that Lincoln had to deal with over the course of the war was incompetent generals. Lincoln discharged many of his generals throughout the war, which made it difficult to carry out his plans. In a telegram to General McClellan, Lincoln urged him to attack Lee â€Å"The present hesitation to move upon an entrenched enemy is but the story of Manassas repeated,† but McClellan ignored the order (Ayers et. al, 369). It was not until Lincoln appointed Ulysses S. Grant commander of all Union armies that he started having consistent success. If Lincoln had not been elected president, slavery may have continued for much longer in America. Besides the fact that Lincoln, as commander-in-chief, lead the Union Army to win the Civil War, the many proposed compromises in 1860 and 1861 might have allowed slavery to continue in America, such as the Crittenden Compromise. Another important way that Lincoln’s skill as a politician benefited the Union was his treatment of the Confederacy. Lincoln reasoned that since it is unconstitutional to secede from the Union, the Confederacy and its government was illegitimate, and Lincoln’s administration refused to recognize the Confederacy’s independence. This became important later in the war when other nations refused to recognize the Confederacy’s independence. When the time was right, Abraham Lincoln masterfully changed the ideology of the war to focus on slavery, and he used the slaves themselves as a powerful force in the war and on the home front. Lincoln did this through the First and Second Confiscation Acts, the Emancipation Proclamation, and his Second Inaugural Address. Early in the war, three slaves escaped to the Union Army, raising the question of what to do with fugitive slaves. Under the Fugitive Slave Act, they had to be returned to their owners in the Confederacy. However, Lincoln adopted an ingenious policy of taking slaves as â€Å"contraband  of war,† treating them as property as the Confederacy did. Lincoln went on to sign the First Confiscation Act in August 1861, which emancipated slaves that escaped to Union lines. In July 1862, Lincoln signed the Second Confiscation Act, which essentially gave him the authority to emancipate the slaves in Confederate territory (on the grounds that they helped the war effort and were contraband). This legislation helped the Union Army greatly. Over 190,000 soldiers, sailors, and workers came to the Union Army from the Confederacy (McPherson, 193), and at the end of the war, African Americans made up 20 percent of the Union Army (Majerol, 26). The escaped slaves also influenced soldiers in the army who now â€Å"were talking with real men and women who had been (and perhaps still were) slaves,† (Goodheart, 15). However, a vastly more important document was the Emancipation Proclamation. Lincoln drafted the document in July 1862 and showed it to his cabinet. William Seward reminded him of the importance of timing, so Lincoln waited until the army won the Battle of Antietam to issue the Proclamation. In a letter Lincoln wrote in 1864, he stated â€Å"when, early in the war, Gen. Fremont attempted military emancipation, I forbade it, because I did not then think it in indispensable necessity.† Lincoln then cites two more examples of him holding off efforts at emancipation (Fehrenbacher, 257). When it was issued on January 1, 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation was a turning point in the ideology of the war. It took a war that had been officially about preserving the Union and made it about ending slavery. The Emancipation Proclamation was a bold move for Lincoln to make because of the pro-slavery Border States. Lincoln had made â€Å"earnest, and successive appeals† there for compensated emancipation, but was rejected (Fehrenbacher, 257). He then had to make a choice between â€Å"surrendering the Union† or â€Å"laying a strong hand upon the colored element,† hoping to outweigh losses with benefits (Fehrenbacher, 258). Over a year later, Lincoln said he felt no losses, and a gain of 130,000 soldiers, seamen, and laborers. Lincoln certainly had good timing when he issued the Emancipation Proclamation. Britain and France were coming closer to aiding the Confederacy, and in Britain’s case, they only wanted the Confederacy to win one more battle to prove that they were on the winning side of the war. Antietam was a terrible loss for the South, and Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation prevented Britain and France from aiding the Confederacy because they both had  anti-slavery governments, and the war was now about slavery. The Emancipation Proclamation was a wise move for Lincoln as an abolitionist, because it allowed blacks to fight in the military, which might lead to citizenship and the right to vote for blacks (â€Å"Civil War Black Soldiers†). Lastly, Lincoln focused public attention on the issue of slavery in his Second Inaugural Address, reminding the people know what their brothers were fighting for. Abraham Lincoln’s most important quality was that he was a great politician, which allowed him to manage the difficult situations put before him in order to provide actual results that ultimately ended slavery in America. Among these results were Union victory in the Civil War, the Emancipation Proclamation, the First and Second Confiscation Acts, the Gettysburg Address, and the Thirteenth Amendment. The Union victory in the Civil War is a simple fact, but it was the most indispensable step to the end of slavery in America. Ending slavery meant nothing if the Union did not win the war and control the South again. Additionally, without a war in the first place, slavery might not have ended. It is possible that a compromise could have held the divided nation together without putting an end to slavery. Lincoln’s talent as a politician was also crucial in the Emancipation Proclamation when he released it in time to prevent any foreign nations from intervening and aiding the Confederacy. Lincoln showed his skill as a politician in the Lincoln-Douglass debates, when he took a careful stance on slavery that he thought would best suit the needs of the nation at the time. Lincoln was constantly stressing that he was not an abolitionist, and it was ridiculous to assume that â€Å"Just because I do not want a negro woman for a slave I must necessarily want her for a wife,† (Fehrenbacher, 106). Lincoln proved himself when he ran against Douglas in the presidential election of 1860 and won. Lincoln orchestrated the defeat of the Confederacy and the end of slavery using his political position as president and commander-in-chief, and his cunning as a politician to influence the people of America. It could be argued that the slaves played a more vital role in securing their freedom than Abraham Lincoln did. The slaves had influential leaders such as Harriet Tubman and Frederick Douglass. The Underground Railroad  freed hundreds of slaves, and it was led by a former slave, Harriet Tubman. Frederick Douglass wrote a book about his life as a slave which influenced public views of slavery in the North. He also published an abolitionist newspaper, the North Star. He also showed people that slaves were treated like animals and stripped of the quality that defines humans: independent thought. â€Å"these words sank deep into my heart, stirred up sentiments within that lay slumbering, and called to existence an entirely new train of thought,† (Douglass, 20). He told about how he was like other slaves until he learned to read and write, and became a human who was able to create his own destiny. These contributed to raising tensions and starting war, which was a necessary evil for slavery to be abolished and the Union to remain whole. These contributions also put pressure on the government to oppose slavery. Moreover, the 190,000 soldiers, sailors, and laborers who escaped slavery and came to the Union Army contributed greatly to the war effort, fighting valiantly and supporting the Army off the battlefield as well. By the end of the war, these soldiers made up 20 percent of the Union army, as well as influencing public opinion in the North. These were valuable aids to the end of slavery in America, and without them, slavery might not have ended in 1865. However, they are insubstantial compared to the contributions of Abraham Lincoln. First, the emancipation of nearly 200,000 slaves happened because Lincoln had not issued the Emancipation Proclamation and the First and Second Confiscation Acts. He transformed the ideology of a nation when he directed the war at slavery. In comparison with Lincoln’s monumental tasks, the contributions of slaves are insignificant. In conclusion, Abraham Lincoln was a more important constituent in ending Slavery in America than the slaves themselves because of his contributions as Commander-in-chief to win the Civil War and emancipate the slaves, and he was able to do this because he was an outstanding politician who handled the circumstances with unparalleled capability. Lincoln dealt with the difficult issue of fighting a war in which he could not make many bold decisions for fear of the Border States seceding, and he applied his ability as a politician to lead the Union to victory. Lincoln faced another difficult  issue of how to treat escaped slaves during the war, and altered the entire ideology of the war so that the focus was slavery. He did this with his First and Second Confiscation Acts and, most importantly, a well-timed Emancipation Proclamation. Lastly, Lincoln’s capability as a politician led to concrete actions he took towards ending slavery, including the Emancipation Proclamation, the Thirteenth Amendment, and of course, winning the Civil War, the element without which the end of slavery in America might not have been possible. Lincoln influenced the history of America and (unintentionally) became a martyr. Today, racial discrimination does not exist in US legislation and America is constantly getting closer to complete racial equality. Works Cited Ayers, Edward L., Jesus F. De la Teja, Deborah G. White, and Robert D. Schulzinger. American anthem. Ed. Sam Wineburg. Orlando. Fla.: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 2009. â€Å"Civil War Black Soldiers.† , Black Soldiers, Robert Gould Shaw, 54th Massachusetts. 2007. Civil War Academy. 24 Jan. 2013 . Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass. New York: Dover Publications, 1995. Fehrenbacher, Don E. Abraham Lincoln. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1964. Goodheart, Adam. â€Å"How Slavery Really Ended in America.† New York Times 3 Oct. 2011: 12-15. Halsall, Paul. â€Å"Internet History Sourcebooks.† Internet History Sourcebooks. July 1998. Fordham University. 24 Jan. 2013 . Majerol, Veronica. â€Å"The Emancipation Proclamation.† The New York Times Upfront 7 Jan. 2013: 24-27. McPherson, James. â€Å"Who Freed the Slaves?† Drawn With the Sword: Reflections on the American Civil War. 1996. 192-207.

7 Ways Entertainment Writers Can Maximize Their Online Presence

7 Ways Entertainment Writers  Can Maximize Their Online Presence Writing a noteworthy feature film or television script is challenging enough, but as an up-and-comer, standing out in a crowded marketplace might be even harder. Tinseltown is chock full of novice scribes angling for a shot at the spotlight, creating fierce competition as everyone jockeys for attention from a limited group of agents, managers, and producers. With all this, it may seem hard to find a good friend in the entertainment business, but the internet can certainly be one if you know how to leverage it. 1. Blogging Creates Belonging A solid first start is creating your own blog or website. Blogger 2. Social Media: No Longer Optional Get on Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn. But don’t just tweet or post about successes on your personal page. Follow others in your field. Join filmmaking groups. Use the platforms to network with producers, directors and other writers, seek collaborations and work opportunities, share important resources and get invited to events. Yes, it’s difficult to speak highly of yourself in such settings without coming off as pretentious, but until you have an agent or manager doing it for you, the next best thing is to generate the support of an online community who can help 3. Those Mysterious Spec Script Marketplaces Several reputable marketplaces exist where writers can showcase speculative material for potential buyers. Some of the most prominent include Inktip, Spec Scout and The Black List. The former allows you to list any treatment and/or script for a nominal fee while the latter two sell analysis services that result in high-scoring scripts being promoted online. Indie producers seeking affordable and often specific material from writers will check these sites. (Side note: Writer-producers who are seeking financing can also list their projects on Slated if they can get admitted to the site.) ​​​​​​​ 4. A Little Competition Never Hurt Screenplay competitions are a viable way to generate online buzz so long as you perform well in them. The top finishers in well-respected contests like Nicholl, Final Draft, and Scriptapalooza – usually quarterfinalist level and above – will be mentioned on their websites and in various online promotional materials. Script Pipeline, going a step further, offers finalists in their competition both development assistance and online circulation of the material to a network of producers, agents, and managers. 5. All Publicity’s Good Publicity Seek out opportunities for free publicity in online trade magazines, screenwriter blogs, and entertainment podcasts. Find an angle that makes your material or personal story unique and pitch those site proprietors on why they should give you a platform. No good at pitching? Well, you’ll need to work on it because it’s an essential skill for writers in Hollywood. But in the meantime, hire an affordable short-term publicist like October Coast to help you find such opportunities. 6. Shoot Something! Not all online exposure has to be written. Writing for the screen is just the first step in the process of creating a much more layered audio-visual product. Shoot a scene from your script yourself to share on YouTube or Vimeo as a way to show your scripting skills in practice. Better yet, see if you can convince an indie filmmaker to shoot a short or do a web series based on your material. Once you have any sort of produced credit, you can submit to have a profile on IMDB, perhaps the most referenced online resource there is in entertainment. 7. Be Down with the Cause Consider ways your material might be able to attract the attention of partner groups like charities, non-profits or other special interests. For instance, if your script features a lead with autism, you might be able to attract the support of autism foundations that can help provide online exposure for the story. Material that is inspirational, purpose-driven or based on a true-life figure is often the best fit for this. https://www.blogger.com/ https://www.wix.com/ https://www.weebly.com/ https://www.site123.com/ https://www.inktip.com/ https://specscout.com/ https://blcklst.com/ https://www.slated.com/ https://www.oscars.org/nicholl https://www.finaldraft.com/products/bb-contest-info/ https://scriptapalooza.com/ https://scriptpipeline.com/ https://www.octobercoastpr.com/ https://www.imdb.com/